Co-Director, University of California, Merced School of Medicine
Exocytosis diabetes0rg generic 1 mg amaryl free shipping, dependent of Ca2 release from Ca2 stores diabete fifa 15 discount amaryl 1 mg mastercard, is regulated by Ca2 microdomains metabolic disease vs virus buy amaryl 2mg with visa. Surface dynamics in living acinar cells imaged by atomic force microscopy: identification of plasma membrane structures involved in exocytosis. Proteomic analysis of pancreatic zymogen granules; identification of new granule proteins. Overexpression of Rab3D enhances regulated amylase secretion from pancreatic acini of transgenic mice. Riedel D, Antonin W, Fernandez-Chacon R, Alvarez de Toldeo G, Jo T, Geppert M, et al. Rab3D is not required for exocrine exocytosis but for maintenance of normally sized secretory granules. Expression of Rab27Bbinding protein Slp1 in pancreatic acinar cells and its involvement in amylase secretion. The Rab-binding protein Noc2 is associated with insulin-containing secretory granules and is essential for pancreatic beta-cell exocytosis. Noc2 is essential in normal regulation of exocytosis in endocrine and exocrine cells. The vesicle-associated membrane protein family of proteins in rat pancreatic and parotid acinar cells. Distinct cellular locations of the syntaxin family of proteins in rat pancreatic acinar cells. Supramaximal cholecystokinin displaces Munc18c from the pancreatic acinar basal surface, redirecting apical exocytosis to the basal membrane. Pancreatic acinar cells express vesicle-associated membrane protein 2- and 8-specific populations of zymogen granules with distinct and overlapping roles in secretion. Alcohol/cholecystokinin-evoked pancreatic acinar basolateral exocytosis is mediated by protein kinase C phosphorylation of Munc18c. A cytosolic splice variant of Cab45 interacts with Munc18b and impacts on amylase secretion by pancreatic acini. Functional role of J domain of cysteine string protein in Ca2-dependent secretion from acinar cells. The secretory granule protein syncollin binds to syntaxin in a Ca2()-sensitive manner. Effects of antimitotic agents on ultrastructure and intracellular transport of protein in pancreatic acini. Changes in kinesin distribution and phosphorylation occur during regulated secretion in pancreatic acinar cells. Distribution of actin and the actinassociated proteins myosin, tropomyosin, alpha-actinin, vinculin, and villin in rat and bovine exocrine glands. Myosin I is associated with zymogen granule membranes in the rat pancreatic acinar cell. A role for Rho and Rac in secretagogue induced amylase release by pancreatic acini. Actin filament disassembly is a sufficient final trigger for exocytosis in nonexcitable cells. Apactin is involved in remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton during regulated exocytosis. A role for the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase/Hsp 27 pathway in cholecystokinin-induced changes in the actin cytoskeleton in rat pancreatic acini. Rho and Rac promote acinar morphological changes, actin reoganization, and amylase secretion. Src-mediated cortactin phosphorylation regulates actin localization and injurious blebbing in acinar cells.
Detection of vitamin B12 deficiency in older people by measuring vitamin B12 or the active fraction of vitamin B12 diabetes symptoms and diagnosis purchase discount amaryl, holotranscobalamin diabetes mellitus with hypoglycemic coma code discount 2 mg amaryl visa. Metabolic signs of vitamin B(12) deficiency in humans: computational model and its implications for diagnostics diabetes insipidus quiz generic 3mg amaryl with visa. Effect of gastric anacidity on the release of cobalamins from food and their subsequent binding to R-protein Scand. Malabsorption of vitamin B12 in pancreatic insufficiency of the adult and of the child. Serum vitamin B(12) and folate status in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases. Competition between bacteria and intrinsic factor for vitamin B12: implications for vitamin B 12 malabsorption in intestinal bacterial overgrowth. Diphyllobothrium latum and human nutrition, with particular reference to vitamin B12 deficiency. Long term treatment with metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes and risk of vitamin B-12 deficiency: randomised placebo controlled trial. Malabsorption of vitamin B12 and intrinsic factor secretion during biguanide therapy. Metformin induces reductions in plasma cobalamin and haptocorrin bound cobalamin levels in elderly diabetic patients. Human vitamin B12 absorption measurement by accelerator mass spectrometry using specifically labeled (14)C-cobalamin. Nonradioactive vitamin B12 absorption test evaluated in controls and in patients with inherited malabsorption of vitamin B12. Plasma holotranscobalamin compared with plasma cobalamins for assessment of vitamin B12 absorption; optimisation of a non-radioactive vitamin B12 absorption test (CobaSorb). Increases in plasma holotranscobalamin can be used to assess vitamin B-12 absorption in individuals with low plasma vitamin B-12. The effect of recombinant human intrinsic factor on the uptake of vitamin B12 in patients with evident vitamin B12 deficiency. Vitamin C controls the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator chloride channel. Na-dependent electroneutral L-ascorbate transport across brush-border membrane vesicles from guinea pig small intestine. Mammalian facilitative hexose transporters mediates the transport of dehydroascorbic acid. Chapter 64 Mechanisms and Regulation of Intestinal Absorption of Water-soluble Vitamins 1755 275. Hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 is essential for transcription of sodium-dependent vitamin C transporter protein 1. Intestinal ascorbic acid transport following diets of high or low ascorbic acid content. A C-terminal region dictates the apical plasma membrane targeting of the human sodium-dependent vitamin C transporter-1 in polarized epithelia. A 14-amino acid sequence with a beta-turn structure is required for apical membrane sorting of the rat ileal bile acid transporter. A novel sorting motif in transporter excitatory amino acid transporter 3 directs its targeting in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells and hippocampal neurons.
Increased rectal mucosal enteroendocrine cells diabetes prevention drug generic amaryl 3 mg without prescription, T lymphocytes blood glucose 4 hours after a meal buy amaryl amex, and increased gut permeability following acute Campylobacter enteritis and in post-dysenteric irritable bowel syndrome diabetes test india amaryl 4 mg visa. Intestinal membrane permeability and hypersensitivity in the irritable bowel syndrome. Impaired intestinal barrier integrity in the colon of patients with irritable bowel syndrome: involvement of soluble mediators. Impact of corticotropin-releasing hormone on gastrointestinal motility and adrenocorticotropic hormone in normal controls and patients with irritable bowel syndrome. A, a 44-yr-old attorney, had experienced up to six episodes of cramping lower abdominal pain associated with watery diarrhea per month over a period of 15 years. These symptoms were worsened by stress associated with anticipation of a courtroom trial or the stress of presentation of the defense of a client during the actual trial. Barbara, a 22-year-old second year medical student, walked to the front of the lecture auditorium with a question for the professor at the end of the final lecture in a series on gastrointestinal physiology. The question: Can you explain to me why I routinely experienced lower abdominal distress and diarrhea as I prepared for and anticipated the examinations in the medicine course modules throughout the year A male guinea pig was held in a supine position by placing a tie around each ankle and gently extending and tying each of the four extremities to metal hooks at the corners of a rectangular flat platform. A second male guinea pig of the same weight and age and from the same holding rack in the vivarium was caged at room temperature and allowed to feed and drink H2O ad libitum during the 2 hour period. The three examples illustrate an expanding body of converging clinical and experimental evidence that implicates stress as a factor in disordered gastrointestinal function in both humans and animals. The sympathetic nervous hypothesis had credibility because the Physiology of the Gastrointestinal Tract, Two Volume Set. Descending spinal activation of the sympathetic nervous system cannot explain the stress-associated symptoms of cramping lower abdominal pain, fecal urgency, and watery diarrhea in humans or the similar effects of stress in animals. The evidence against sympathetic activation directs attention to involvement of other enteric neurophysiological mechanisms that come into play in stress and will be dealt with in this chapter. The concept starts with the evidence that enteric mast cells receive brain-derived input in the stressed individual. The same mast cells intercept and become sensitized to microorganisms and other sensitizing antigens that find their way across the intestinal mucosal barrier. The secretory response then links to powerful propulsive motility, which propels the secretions together with the offending agent quickly in the anal direction. The symptom of acute explosive watery diarrhea becomes selfexplanatory in this scenario. Enteric mast cells are implicated as a key step in the initiation of stress-evoked symptoms (Figures 75. Enteric mast cells are packed with granules that are sites of storage for a broad mix of preformed chemical mediators (Figure 75. Mast cells express high-affinity receptors for IgE antibodies or other immunoglobulins on their surfaces. When antibodies to a sensitizing antigen occupy the receptors and crosslinking occurs by interaction of the sensitizing antigen with the bound antibody, a flood of different mediators is released from the mast cells (Figure 75. Symptoms of cramping abdominal pain and acute urgency and diarrhea result from operation of the neural program. Close spatial association of inflammatory/immune cells with the mast cell reflects release of chemoattractant factors from the mast cell in the inflamed mucosa/ submucosa. This work shows that a second exposure to antigens isolated from the infectious agent. Copious neurogenic secretion and elevated intestinal blood flow followed by orthograde power propulsion (see Chapter 21) of the luminal contents are the behavioral components of the program.
Short-term inhibition of duodenal tryptic activity does not affect human pancreatic diabetes type 2 clinical manifestations order amaryl 1mg on-line, biliary diabetes type 2 very tired generic amaryl 3 mg mastercard, or gastric function diabetes symptoms vs pregnancy symptoms buy amaryl 4 mg amex. Mesotrypsin: a new inhibitor-resistant protease from a zymogen in human pancreatic tissue and fluid. Characterization of a human trypsin resistant to Kunitz soybean trypsin inhibitor. Effect of a trypsin inhibitor from soybeans (Bowman-Birk) on the secretory activity of the human pancreas. Jejunal bypass stimulation of pancreatic growth and cholecystokinin secretion in rats: importance of luminal nutrients. Effects of L-364,718, a new cholecystokinin receptor antagonist, on camostate-induced growth of the rat pancreas. Plasma cholecystokinin and pancreatic growth during adaptation to dietary protein. Cholecystokinin mediates feedback regulation of pancreatic enzyme secretion in rats. A cholecystokinin releasing peptide mediates feedback regulation of pancreatic secretion. Effect of atropine on rat pancreatic secretory response to trypsin inhibitors and protein. Purification and characterization of a luminal cholecystokininreleasing factor from rat intestinal secretion. Diazepam binding inhibitor is a potent cholecystokininreleasing peptide in the intestine. Distribution and localization of a novel cholecystokinin-releasing factor in the rat gastrointestinal tract. Diazepam-binding inhibitor mediates feedback regulation of pancreatic secretion and postprandial release of cholecystokinin. Distribution and characterization of endogenous benzodiazepine receptor ligand (endozepine)-like peptides in the rat gastrointestinal tract. Role of calcium in monitor peptide-stimulated cholecystokinin release from perifused intestinal cells. Cholecystokinin cells purified by fluorescence-activated cell sorting respond to monitor peptide with an increase in intracellular calcium. Effect of a high-protein diet on the gene expression of a trypsin-sensitive, cholecystokinin-releasing peptide (monitor peptide) in the pancreas. A specific binding of the cholecystokinin-releasing peptide (monitor peptide) to isolated rat small-intestinal cells. Role of secretin in negative feedback regulation of postprandial pancreatic secretion in dogs. Purification of two secretin-releasing peptides structurally related to phospholipase A2 from canine pancreatic juice. Pancreatic phospholipase A2 from the small intestine is a secretin-releasing factor in rats. Porcine pancreatic phospholipase A2 stimulates secretin release from secretinproducing cells. External pancreatic response to food and its relation to the maximal secretory capacity in dogs. Colonic inhibition of cholecystokinin release and pancreatic protein secretion in dogs. Human pancreatic secretion and intestinal motility: effects of ileal nutrient perfusion.
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